The Pioneer Institute (PI) is a Boston, Massachusetts-based right-wing pressure group that identifies as a “think tank” dedicated to “individual freedom and responsibility, limited and accountable government, and the application of free market principles to state and local policy.”[1] Founded by Lovett Peters, the Pioneer Institute benefits from substantial annual contributions exceeding $100,000 from the Lovett & Ruth Peters Foundation.[2]
Within its structure, the Pioneer Institute operates several centers, including the Center for School Reform,[3] the Shamie Center for Better Government,[4] and the Center for Economic Opportunity.[5] The institute is notable for its staff, many of whom have held positions in Republican Massachusetts gubernatorial administrations, including Weld, Cellucci, Swift,[6] and Romney.[7]
The Pioneer Institute is a key member of the State Policy Network (SPN), a network of right-leaning “think tanks” and tax-exempt organizations active across 48 states, Washington, D.C., Puerto Rico, and the United Kingdom. SPN’s membership has grown to 167 organizations as of June 2024. The SPN is recognized as a leading force in promoting a far-right, nationally funded policy agenda at the state level, influencing extremist factions within the Republican Party. In 2017, SPN Executive Director Tracie Sharp reported to the Wall Street Journal that the combined revenue of SPN-affiliated groups was approximately $80 million. However, a 2022 analysis by the Center for Media and Democracy, examining IRS filings of SPN’s primary members, revealed a significantly larger combined revenue exceeding $152 million.[8] Despite SPN member organizations presenting themselves as nonpartisan and independent, the Center for Media and Democracy’s detailed investigation, “EXPOSED: The State Policy Network — The Powerful Right-Wing Network Helping to Hijack State Politics and Government,” exposes SPN and its affiliated think tanks as major drivers of the right-wing, American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)-supported corporate agenda in state legislatures nationwide. These networks have strong connections to the Koch brothers and a broader national right-wing network of funders.[9]
Responding to CMD’s report, SPN Executive Director Tracie Sharp maintained to reporters that SPN affiliates operate with “fierce independence.” However, The New Yorker’s Jane Mayer later highlighted a contradiction in Sharp’s statements. In her article, “Is IKEA the New Model for the Conservative Movement?,” Mayer, a Pulitzer-nominated reporter, revealed that Sharp, in a closed-door meeting with SPN affiliate leaders, likened SPN’s operational model to the global furniture chain IKEA. Sharp reportedly stated that SPN would supply “the raw materials” and “services” necessary for affiliates to assemble their policy products. She encouraged state groups to utilize their “enterprise and creativity” to adapt these materials to their specific state contexts, rather than passively accepting pre-packaged solutions. “Pick what you need,” she advised, “and customize it for what works best for you.” Furthermore, Sharp acknowledged that donor intent significantly influences the organization’s agenda. “The grants are driven by donor intent,” she told the think tank heads, adding that donors often have “a very specific idea of what they want to happen.”[10]
Leaked coordinated fundraising proposals obtained by The Guardian in December 2013 corroborated the intent of many SPN members to influence state laws and policies, referencing activities such as “advancing model legislation” and “candidate briefings.” The Guardian noted that these activities “arguably cross the line into lobbying.”[11]
Image: Pioneer Institute logo reflecting its brand identity and organizational representation.
News and Controversies
Charlie Baker, Former Pioneer Institute Executive Director, Becomes Governor of Massachusetts
On January 8, 2015, Charlie Baker (R) was sworn in as Governor of Massachusetts.[12] Baker’s prior role as an executive director at the Pioneer Institute for many years was prominently highlighted by the organization on its website upon his inauguration. The Pioneer Institute stated, “Our confidence stems in part from the fact that the new Governor was one of this organization’s first executive directors, and played a role in a number of research initiatives since that time. Our founder, the late Lovett C. “Pete” Peters, is surely smiling down on today’s Inauguration with a great deal of pride.”[12] This connection underscores the institute’s influence in Massachusetts politics and its alignment with key political figures.
Strong Ties to Mitt Romney
The Pioneer Institute maintains significant connections with Mitt Romney, the 2012 U.S. presidential candidate and former Governor of Massachusetts. These ties highlight the institute’s embeddedness within Republican political circles and its influence on prominent conservative leaders.
2003 Massachusetts Board of Education Ethics Inquiry
In 2003, the Pioneer Institute faced controversy when the state Ethics Commission investigated several members of the Massachusetts Board of Education. The inquiry was initiated as the board prepared to vote on 11 proposed charter schools. Board member Charles D. Baker sought guidance from the Ethics Commission on whether he should recuse himself from the vote due to his position on the Pioneer Institute’s Board of Directors. Six of the 11 charter school proposals were submitted by individuals who had received training, support, and $50,000 stipends each from the Pioneer Institute. Baker had previously recused himself from charter school votes in 2002.
Further complicating matters, two other board members also had Pioneer Institute connections: Abigail Thernstorm, an academic advisor to the institute, and Chairman James Peyser, a former executive director of the Pioneer Institute. Peyser did not request an Ethics Commission opinion. Thernstorm was permitted to vote by the commission, provided she disclosed her Pioneer Institute affiliation to Governor Mitt Romney’s office. Ultimately, Baker did not attend the voting meeting due to a scheduling conflict and thus did not vote.[23]
This situation later led to legal challenges. The city of North Adams sued the Board of Education, the state’s education commissioner, and the attorney general, questioning the constitutionality of charter schools given their public funding and private operation. The lawsuit alleged a conflict of interest in the charter school approvals due to connections to the Pioneer Institute. However, the court dismissed the lawsuit in 2004.[24] This case illustrates the scrutiny and legal challenges arising from the Pioneer Institute’s close relationships with state education officials and charter school initiatives.
Bradley Foundation Connections
In 2014, the Pioneer Institute received $50,000 from the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation. This funding is part of a broader pattern of support from conservative foundations towards the Pioneer Institute and similar organizations.
Internal Bradley Foundation documents, reviewed by the Center for Media and Democracy (CMD), detail the grant’s purpose: to support the distribution of the Pioneer Institute’s study on the impact of the Common Core State Standards. According to Bradley Foundation staff, “Faced with the prospect of the Common Core Initiative overwhelming its successful K 12 reform effort, the Pioneer Institute produced a series of white papers from 2010 13 in the US Department of Education’s promotion of the CCSSI. These papers found the following: that under the Common Core high performing states such as Massachusetts, California, Indiana, Georgia and New Hampshire would see a significant reduction in student exposure to classic works of literature, higher level math and history and civics courses; that under the Common Core the federal government was in violation of laws prohibiting the US Department of Education from directing K 12 curricula, curricular materials, and instructional practice in the states; and that under the Common Core some $16 billion in unfunded mandates will be placed on the states.” The Pioneer Institute intended to use the grant to disseminate its findings, authored by Peter Wood, President of the National Association of Scholars. The institute planned to collaborate with “strategic partners such as Heritage, Cato, the American Principles Project and SPN and certain key attorneys general to provide testimony on the Core and to develop a public policy at the state level for the adoption of K 12 state curricular standards.”
| Bradley Files |
|---|
| In 2017, the Center for Media and Democracy (CMD), publishers of SourceWatch, initiated a series of articles examining the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, a major right-wing foundation based in Milwaukee. These articles, based on 56,000 previously undisclosed documents, revealed the Bradley Foundation’s deeply politicized agenda. CMD’s investigation detailed Bradley’s efforts to map and measure right wing infrastructure nationwide, including strategies to dismantle and defund unions to impact state elections; bankrolling discredited spin doctor Richard Berman and his numerous front groups; and other related activities. Explore the full series at ExposedbyCMD.org. |
Koch Brothers Alliance
The Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research has established strong ties with the Koch Brothers network, a significant force in conservative and libertarian politics. PI is a recognized “partner organization” in the Charles Koch Institute‘s Liberty@Work program. This program places students at the Pioneer Institute and other non-profits aligned with Koch interests across the United States.[25] Furthermore, David Koch personally contributed over $100,000 annually to the Pioneer Institute nearly every year between 1998 and 2014.[2] These financial and programmatic links demonstrate a deep integration with the Koch network.
| Koch Wiki |
|---|
| Charles Koch is a right-wing billionaire and owner of Koch Industries. As a prominent figure in global wealth, he is a key financier of right-wing infrastructure, including organizations like the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) and the State Policy Network (SPN). SourceWatch provides extensive articles on Charles Koch and his late brother David, including: Koch Brothers, Americans for Prosperity, Stand Together Chamber of Commerce, Stand Together, Koch Family Foundations, Koch Universities, and I360. |
Relationship with the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC)
The Pioneer Institute has connections to the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC), a controversial organization that drafts model legislation often favored by corporations and conservative groups. The Pioneer Institute has been listed as a member of both the ALEC Education Task Force[26][27] and the Health and Human Services Task Force.
However, an August 2013 ALEC board document, obtained by The Guardian, suggests that the Pioneer Institute’s ALEC membership was terminated on March 18, 2013. The document indicates the termination may have been due to an “education issue,” possibly related to a resolution opposing Common Core, which passed the Education Task Force but was rejected by ALEC’s board.[28][29] Despite this potential separation, SPN, of which Pioneer Institute is a member, remains a private sector member of ALEC, indicating ongoing indirect connections.
For further details, see SPN Ties to ALEC.
| About ALEC |
|---|
| ALEC functions as a corporate bill mill, extending beyond traditional lobbying or front-group activities. Corporations utilize ALEC to directly provide state legislators with preferred legislation that benefits their financial interests. Corporate entities largely fund ALEC’s operations, paying for seats on ALEC task forces where corporate lobbyists and special interest representatives vote alongside elected officials to approve “model” bills. More information is available at the Center for Media and Democracy’s ALECexposed.org, and breaking news can be found on ExposedbyCMD.org. |
Ties to the Franklin Center for Government and Public Integrity
The Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research has collaborated with writers from the ALEC-linked Franklin Center for Government and Public Integrity. The Franklin Center is known to screen potential reporters for their adherence to “free market” views during the hiring process.[30] The Franklin Center funds reporters across more than 40 states.[31] Despite presenting itself as non-partisan, the websites funded by the Franklin Center have faced criticism for exhibiting conservative bias.[32][33] The Franklin Center claims to provide “10 percent of all daily reporting from state capitals nationwide.”[34] This relationship highlights the Pioneer Institute’s engagement with media outlets that promote free-market perspectives.
Image: Chart illustrating the Franklin Center’s funding sources, highlighting its reliance on anonymous donors and connections to conservative foundations.
Franklin Center Funding
Michael Moroney, Communications Director for the Franklin Center, stated in 2013 that the organization’s funding sources are “100 percent anonymous.” However, IRS records reviewed by the Center for Public Integrity (CPI) revealed that 95 percent of the Franklin Center’s 2011 funding originated from DonorsTrust, a spin-off of the Philanthropy Roundtable. DonorsTrust acts as a “donor-advised fund,” effectively concealing the identities of donors to right-wing causes across the country. Mother Jones described DonorsTrust as “the dark-money ATM of the conservative movement” in a 2013 article.[36] In 2011, the Franklin Center received DonorsTrust’s second-largest donation.[35]
The Franklin Center also receives funding from the Wisconsin-based Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation,[37] a conservative grant-making organization.[38] This funding network underscores the interconnectedness of conservative think tanks, media outlets, and funding organizations.
The Franklin Center was launched by the Chicago-based Sam Adams Alliance (SAM),[39] a 501(c)(3) organization promoting free-market ideals. SAM receives funding from the State Policy Network,[40] which is partly funded by The Claude R. Lambe Foundation.[41] Charles Koch serves on the board of the Claude R. Lambe Foundation.[42] SAM also receives funding from the Rodney Fund. These complex funding relationships illustrate the intricate web of financial support within the conservative movement.
History of the Pioneer Institute
The Pioneer Institute was established in 1988 with an initial grant of $160,000, supplemented by matching grants from personal contacts.[43] It was founded by businessman Lovett C. Peters (1913-2010), who accumulated his wealth in the oil and gas industry, including roles at Energy Ventures, Conoco, and Bankers Trust. Upon Peters’ death in 2010, civil rights attorney Harvey A. Silverglate remarked to the Boston Globe, “His creature, the Pioneer Institute, follows Pete’s lead . . .” Peters’ son, Daniel, manages the Ruth and Lovett Peters Foundation, a significant contributor to education privatization efforts.[44]
Peters was recognized with the “Roe Award” – named after SPN founder Thomas A. Roe – from SPN and the “Champions of Freedom Award” from SPN member the Mackinac Center for Public Policy in Michigan. He was also a member of the Mont Pelerin Society[45], a right-wing “free market” organization founded in 1947 by economist F.A. Hayek and whose past and present members include Charles G. Koch[46] and Thomas A. Roe.[47] Peters’ background and affiliations firmly placed the Pioneer Institute within the conservative and free-market movement from its inception.
According to the Boston Globe, “the Shamie Foundation . . . is actually the forebear of the Pioneer Institute, which took over its registration number with the secretary of state’s office and the attorney general’s division of public charities. [Prominent Massachusetts Republican politician Raymond] Shamie is a contributor to Pioneer.” Raymond Shamie was chairman of the Massachusetts Republican Party when the Pioneer Institute was founded in 1988. In the two years leading up to the election of Massachusetts’ first Republican governor in 16 years, William F. Weld, the Institute actively “trash[ed] state programs,” and the Globe described it as “an agenda-setting forum for the administration” of Governor-elect Weld.[43] This early activity demonstrates the Pioneer Institute’s intent to influence state policy and its close ties with the Republican Party.
Since the early 1990s, the Pioneer Institute has concentrated on charter schools and education reform in Massachusetts.[48] The organization’s focus also includes government transparency, privatization, economic development, government spending, and healthcare. These policy areas reflect the core tenets of its free-market philosophy.
Image: Example of a Pioneer Institute publication, showcasing their research and policy analysis output on key public policy issues.
Funding of the Pioneer Institute
SPN think tanks generally do not publicly disclose their donor lists. However, the Pioneer Institute deviates from this norm by listing selected donors (without specific donation amounts) in its annual reports. These reports reveal that David Koch has contributed at least $100,000 annually to the organization in most years since 1998.[49] CMD also discovered that David Koch directly donated $125,000 to the Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research in 2007, making him the largest individual donor that year. A 2007 list of funders, inadvertently made public through IRS disclosures, provides a valuable case study in the funding of SPN member think tanks. This list includes Sovereign Bank, oil and gas magnate Lovett C. Peters, banker William Edgerly, retired Blue Seal Feeds CEO Dean Webster (a former director of the right-wing think tank Capital Research Center), Mitt Romney’s lieutenant governor Kerry Healey, and textile heir Roger Milliken, in addition to David Koch.[50]
Other known funders of the Pioneer Institute include: (List of funders would be included here if available in the original article – Note: The original article does not explicitly list other funders beyond those mentioned in context. This section remains as a placeholder if further detail were available.)
Core Financials
The following financial data outlines the Pioneer Institute’s revenue, expenses, and net assets over several years, based on available records.
2015[68]
- Total Revenue: $2,333,932
- Total Expenses: $2,030,653
- Net Assets: $3,589,105
2014[69]
- Total Revenue: $2,178,130
- Total Expenses: $1,822,097
- Net Assets: $3,002,082
2013[70]
- Total Revenue: $1,588,496
- Total Expenses: $1,655,532
- Net Assets: $2,646,048
2012[71]
- Total Revenue: $1,672,604
- Total Expenses: $1,622,706
- Net Assets: $2,678,229
2011[72]
- Total Revenue: $2,204,323
- Total Expenses: $1,616,241
- Net Assets: $2,628,329
2010[73]:
- Total Revenue: $1,255,039
- Total Expenses: $1,475,754
- Net Assets:$2,040,246
2009[74]:
- Total Revenue: $1,255,039
- Total Expenses: $1,475,754
- Net Assets: $2,040,246
2008[75]:
- Total Revenue: $1,372,090
- Total Expenses: $1,342,630
- Net Assets: $1,715,824
This financial overview provides insight into the Pioneer Institute’s operational scale and financial health over time.
Personnel at Pioneer Institute
Current Staff
As of September 2018:[76]
- Jim Stergios, Executive Director
- Mary Z. Connaughton, Director of Government Transparency & Director of Finance and Administration
- Barbara Anthony, Senior Fellow in Healthcare
- Tom Birmingham, Distinguished Senior Fellow in Education
- Jamie Gass, Director of the Center for School Reform
- Shawni Littlehale, Director of Pioneer’s Better Government Competition
- Rebekah Paxton: Research Assistant
- Gregory Sullivan, Research Director, Director of the Centers for Better Government and Economic Opportunity
- Chase Bosworth, Communications Assistant
- Lauren Corvese, Development Coordinator and Research Assistant
- Micaela Dawson, Director of Communications
- Brian Patterson, Development Coordinator
- George Parker, Director of Individual Giving
- Joshua Archambault, Senior Fellow
- Cara Candal, Senior Fellow in Education
- Charles D. Chieppo, Senior Media Fellow
- Scott Haller,
- William Smith, Senior Fellow in Life Sciences
- Amy Lischko, Senior Fellow on Health Care
Former Staff
- Matt Blackbourn, Research & Operations Associate
- Erin Elefante, Director of Development
- John Friar, Senior Fellow on Jobs & the Economy
- Stephen Lisauskas, Senior Fellow on Urban Revitalization
- Iliya Atanasov, Senior Fellow on Finance
- Lovett C. Peters Fellow in Healthcare
- John Sivolella, Senior Fellow in Law and Policy
Board of Directors
As of September 2017:[77]
Officers
- Stephen Fantone, Chairman; President/CEO, Optikos Corporation
- Lucile Hicks, Vice-Chair
- C. Bruce Johnstone, Vice-Chair; Managing Director and Senior Marketing Investment Strategist, Fidelity Investments
- James Joslin, Treasurer
- Jim Stergios, Executive Director
- Mary Z. Connaughton, Clerk & Assistant Treasurer
Former Officers
- Nancy Anthony, Treasurer
Members
- Steven Akin
- Nancy Anthony
- David Boit
- Brian Broderick
- Gary Campbell
- Frederic Clifford
- Andrew Davis
- Brackett Denniston
- Ellen R. Herzfelder
- Charles Hewitt, III
- Alfred Houston
- Keith Hylton
- Mary Myers Kauppila
- Gary Kearney
- Pamela Layton
- Nicole Manseau
- M. Holt Massey
- Adam Portnoy
- Mark V. Rickabaugh
- Diane Schmalensee
- Kristin Servison
- Eileen Shapiro
- Emmy Lou Hewitt, honorary
- Edna Shamie, honorary
- Peter Wilde
- William B. Tyler, Chairman Emeritus
Former Members
- Phyllis M. Stearns, honorary
- Amir Nashat
- Preston McSwain
- John Kingston
- Nancy Coolidge
- Stephen Fantone
- Douglas Foy
- Kerry Healey
- Charles C. Hewitt, III
- Lucile Hicks
- C. Bruce Johnstone
- Alan Morse
- Beth Myers
- Brian Shortsleeve
- Patrick Wilmerding
This list of personnel provides an overview of the leadership and staff at the Pioneer Institute, demonstrating a range of expertise and affiliations.
Contact Information for Pioneer Institute
Pioneer Institute for Public Policy Research
185 Devonshire Street, Suite 1101
Boston, MA 02110
Phone: 617-723-2277
Fax: 617-723-1880
Website: http://pioneerinstitute.org
Email: [email protected]
Twitter: https://twitter.com/PioneerBoston
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PioneerInstitute/
Articles and Resources Related to Pioneer Institute
Related SourceWatch Articles
(Links to related SourceWatch articles would be listed here if available in the original article – Note: The original article links to many SourceWatch articles inline, but not summarized in a dedicated section. This section remains as a placeholder if a summary list were intended.)
Related PRWatch Articles
(Links to related PRWatch articles would be listed here if available – Note: Similar to SourceWatch, PRWatch articles are not explicitly listed in a dedicated section in the original.)
External Resources
(Links to external resources would be listed here if available – Note: The original article uses external links as citations, but doesn’t have a separate ‘External Resources’ section. This section is a placeholder for potential additional resources.)
References
[1] Pioneer Institute, “About Us,” Pioneer Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[2] Lovett and Ruth Peters Foundation, Annual Reports, Lovett and Ruth Peters Foundation website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[3] Pioneer Institute, “Center for School Reform,” Pioneer Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[4] Pioneer Institute, “Shamie Center for Better Government,” Pioneer Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[5] Pioneer Institute, “Center for Economic Opportunity,” Pioneer Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[6] Boston Globe, “Swift Expected to Join Romney Administration,” Boston Globe, December 19, 2002.
[7] Boston Globe, “Think Tank Veteran to Lead Romney Transition,” Boston Globe, November 7, 2002.
[8] Center for Media and Democracy, analysis of State Policy Network IRS filings, 2022.
[9] Center for Media and Democracy, “EXPOSED: The State Policy Network — The Powerful Right-Wing Network Helping to Hijack State Politics and Government,” 2013.
[10] Jane Mayer, “Is IKEA the New Model for the Conservative Movement?,” The New Yorker, November 21, 2013.
[11] The Guardian, “Leaked Documents Reveal State Policy Network’s Coordinated Proposals,” December 2013.
[12] Pioneer Institute, “Charlie Baker Inaugurated as Governor,” Pioneer Institute website, January 8, 2015.
[23] Boston Globe, “Ethics Panel to Advise Baker on Charter School Vote,” Boston Globe, May 16, 2003.
[24] Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly, “Charter School Lawsuit Dismissed,” Massachusetts Lawyers Weekly, March 15, 2004.
[25] Charles Koch Institute, “Liberty@Work Program,” Charles Koch Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[26] American Legislative Exchange Council, “Education Task Force Membership List,” ALEC Documents, 2010.
[27] American Legislative Exchange Council, “Health and Human Services Task Force Membership List,” ALEC Documents, 2011.
[28] American Legislative Exchange Council, “ALEC Board Meeting Minutes,” August 2013.
[29] Center for Media and Democracy, “ALEC Board Document Suggests Pioneer Institute ‘Kicked Out’ Over Common Core,” PRWatch.org, December 10, 2013.
[30] The Nation, “Leaked Documents Expose Right-Wing Media Network’s Hiring Practices,” The Nation, October 29, 2012.
[31] Franklin Center for Government and Public Integrity, “About Us,” Franklin Center website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[32] Columbia Journalism Review, “Are Statehouse News Outlets Really Nonpartisan?,” Columbia Journalism Review, July 24, 2012.
[33] Pew Research Center, “Public and Journalists See Media Bias in Different Ways,” Pew Research Center, September 12, 2013.
[34] Franklin Center for Government and Public Integrity website, homepage, accessed June 19, 2024.
[35] Center for Public Integrity, “Anonymous Donors Fuel State-Based Conservative Media,” Center for Public Integrity, April 29, 2013.
[36] Mother Jones, “Exposed: The Dark-Money ATM of the Conservative Movement,” Mother Jones, February 20, 2013.
[37] Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, Grant Database, Bradley Foundation website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[38] GuideStar, Profile for Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation, GuideStar website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[39] Sam Adams Alliance, “About Us,” Sam Adams Alliance website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[40] State Policy Network, “Member Directory,” State Policy Network website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[41] Claude R. Lambe Foundation, Grant List, Claude R. Lambe Foundation website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[42] Koch Family Foundations, Board of Directors, Koch Family Foundations website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[43] Boston Globe, “Pioneer Institute Forges Conservative Agenda in Mass.,” Boston Globe, January 24, 1991.
[44] Ruth and Lovett Peters Foundation website, mission statement, accessed June 19, 2024.
[45] Mont Pelerin Society, Member Directory, Mont Pelerin Society website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[46] Mont Pelerin Society, “History,” Mont Pelerin Society website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[47] Capital Research Center, “Thomas A. Roe Award,” Capital Research Center website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[48] Pioneer Institute, “Education,” Pioneer Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[49] Pioneer Institute, Annual Reports, Pioneer Institute website, accessed June 19, 2024.
[50] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2007.
[68] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2015.
[69] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2014.
[70] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2013.
[71] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2012.
[72] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2011.
[73] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2010.
[74] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2009.
[75] Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990 for Pioneer Institute, 2008.
[76] Pioneer Institute, “Staff,” Pioneer Institute website, September 2018.
[77] Pioneer Institute, “Board of Directors,” Pioneer Institute website, September 2017.
